2024年2月更新，Step to UEFI 文章索引:
给 EXE 加入 Resource
最近忽然想起来一个问题：如何给一个做好的 EXE 加入其他的内容？比如，我编写一个 EXE 需要更改内容而又不想重新 Build 代码。
经过研究，可以通过给EXE 添加 Resource 的方法来实现这一目标。在 https://github.com/tc-hib/go-winres 这里有一个从命令行给 EXE 添加Resource 的项目。配合这个项目可以实现前述目标。
首先，编写一个测试代码，使用 VC 编写在 VS2019 下编译通过：
#include <windows.h>
#include <iostream>
// 回调函数用于枚举资源
BOOL CALLBACK EnumResNameProc(HMODULE hModule, LPCWSTR lpszType, LPWSTR lpszName, LONG_PTR lParam) {
// 每找到一个资源，就增加计数
(*(int*)lParam)++;
return TRUE; // 继续枚举
}
int main()
{
HMODULE hModule = GetModuleHandle(NULL); // 获取当前模块句柄
int resourceCount = 0; // 用于计数的变量
// 枚举所有RT_RCDATA类型的资源
EnumResourceNames(hModule, RT_RCDATA, EnumResNameProc, (LONG_PTR)&resourceCount);
std::cout << "Number of RT_RCDATA resources: " << resourceCount << std::endl;
return 0;
}
代码非常简单，单纯的输出当前EXE RT_RCDATA类型的 Resource 数量。
接下来将go-winres.exe放在同一个目录下，然后运行下面的命令
go-winres.exe init
对应的会生成 winres 目录，其中有下面三个文件
前面2个是可以作为EXE 的图标的，winres.json是配置文件。例如，我们对这个目录放置一个 png 文件，然后修改如下，增加 RT_RCDATA的部分：
"RT_GROUP_ICON": {
"APP": {
"0000": [
"icon.png",
"icon16.png"
]
}
},
"RT_RCDATA": {
"OTHER": {
"0000": "2.png"
}
},
"RT_MANIFEST": {
"#1": {
"0409": {
"identity": {
"name": "",
"version": ""
运行如下命令：
go-winres.exe patch ResourceTest.exe
工具会自动给 ResourceTest.exe 添加内容，之后再次运行：
如果使用 CFF 工具还可以看到多了一个 Resource。这样，你可以在代码中先判断Resource数量，然后再进行动作。
官方提供的版本（和 Github上的相同，0.3.3版本）
VC 编写的WAVE测试文件生成器
最近为了调试，写了一个 WAVE 的生成器，能够生成指定采样率，指定格式的 WAVE文件，这样可以在输出端直接查看输出是否是指定的数据。特别注意的是，WAVE 中，使用 int16 (有符号十六进制)来表示当前的信号，更具体来说，负数使用补码来表示。代码如下：
// WaveGenerator.cpp : This file contains the 'main' function. Program execution begins and ends there.
//
#include <Windows.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <math.h>
#pragma pack(push, 1)
struct Chunk1 { // 'R', 'I', 'F', 'F'
char chunk_id[4];
uint32_t chunk_size;
char format[4]; // 'W', 'A', 'V', 'E'
};
struct Chunk2 {
char chunk_id[4];
uint32_t chunk_size;
int16_t wFormatTag;
int16_t nChannels;
int32_t nSamplesPerSec;
int32_t nAvgBytesPerSec;
int16_t nBlockAlign; // => num_channels * bits_per_sample / 8
int16_t wBitsPerSample;
};
struct Chunk3 {
char chunk_id[4];
uint32_t chunk_size;
};
#pragma pack(pop) // 恢复到之前的对齐设置
#define AUDIODURATION 5 // 音频时长，以秒为单位
#define SAMPLEBITS 16 // 采样位
#define SAMPLERATE 96000 // 采样率
#define CHANNELNUM 2 // Channel 数量
int main()
{
Chunk1 chunk1;
chunk1.chunk_id[0] = 'R'; chunk1.chunk_id[1] = 'I'; chunk1.chunk_id[2] = 'F'; chunk1.chunk_id[3] = 'F';
// 数据长度= Chunk123 总长 + RAW 数据长度（双声道，SAMPLEBITS Bits）
chunk1.chunk_size = sizeof(Chunk1)-8 + sizeof(Chunk2) + sizeof(Chunk3)+ AUDIODURATION* CHANNELNUM *(SAMPLEBITS/8)* SAMPLERATE;
chunk1.format[0] = 'W'; chunk1.format[1] = 'A'; chunk1.format[2] = 'V'; chunk1.format[3] = 'E';
Chunk2 chunk2;
chunk2.chunk_id[0] = 'f'; chunk2.chunk_id[1] = 'm'; chunk2.chunk_id[2] = 't'; chunk2.chunk_id[3] = ' ';
chunk2.chunk_size = sizeof(Chunk2)-8;
chunk2.wFormatTag = 0x0001; //PCM 格式
chunk2.nChannels = CHANNELNUM;
chunk2.nSamplesPerSec = SAMPLERATE;
chunk2.nAvgBytesPerSec = CHANNELNUM * SAMPLERATE * (SAMPLEBITS / 8);
chunk2.nBlockAlign = CHANNELNUM * (SAMPLEBITS / 8);
chunk2.wBitsPerSample = SAMPLEBITS;
Chunk3 chunk3;
chunk3.chunk_id[0] = 'd'; chunk3.chunk_id[1] = 'a'; chunk3.chunk_id[2] = 't'; chunk3.chunk_id[3] = 'a';
chunk3.chunk_size = AUDIODURATION * CHANNELNUM * SAMPLERATE * (SAMPLEBITS / 8);
// 打开文件用于写入，以二进制模式
FILE* file = fopen("C:\\WaveGenerator\\Debug\\example.wav", "wb");
fwrite(&chunk1, sizeof(chunk1), 1, file);
fwrite(&chunk2, sizeof(chunk2), 1, file);
fwrite(&chunk3, sizeof(chunk3), 1, file);
short int s=0,e=0;
for (int i = 0; i < AUDIODURATION* SAMPLERATE; i++) {
//s = sin(i * 2 * 3.1415 / (SAMPLERATE/1000)) * (65535 / 2);
// 左声道
s++;
fwrite(&s, sizeof(s), 1, file);
// 右声道
e = 0;
fwrite(&e, sizeof(e), 1, file);
}
fclose(file);
//getchar();
}
对于 FPF/FIT/BootGuard 的介绍
小米2代体脂秤维修
最近给一个朋友维修了一下小米2代体脂秤。他遇到的问题是：插入电池后电池发热。拿到手后，看到了现象：装入电池后，电池组和线都会发烫。
使用万用表进行测量，直接测量电池盒两端电阻为 170欧姆，装入电池后测量发现输出电流达到3A左右，这就是发热原因。
根据部分资料【参考1】，上图中红色框芯片为CST34M96，用于蓝牙通讯；绿色框中芯片为CS1256，这是用于获得体脂数据并且处理的单片机；紫色方框中是稳压（降压）芯片，型号未知丝印D3E1，照片是拆除这个芯片后拍摄。
不上电测量正常，上电后有问题猜测是电源芯片出了问题。于是拆除了稳压芯片。这部分电路如下：
VDD 是电池盒输入；经过芯片降压输出为 AVCC，最终提供给后端使用。万用表测试表明AGND 和 GND 是连通的。
拆除芯片后，从 AVCC 送入 3.3V，数码管会有动作，证明后面的芯片都是能够正常工作的，所以选择一个稳压芯片替换。
最终，替换稳压/降压芯片后，外加更换C4电容(测量发现C4短路了，可能被击穿了？)后，可以正常工作。
参考：
1. https://www.mydigit.cn/forum.php?mod=viewthread&tid=286533&page=1
SlimBootLoader 在 LattePanda Mu 上启动 Ubuntu
这次带来是全网唯一的开源 X86 BIOS 方案，通过它能够在 Latte Panda Mu上引导启动 Ubuntu。
为了在Latte Panda Mu使用SlimBootLoader，还需要额外准备如下硬件：
- 烧写IFWI的硬件工具，比如：SF100烧录器；
- 查看串口Log 的工具，比如：CH343 串口转 USB工具，用于配置安装Ubuntu；SBL 的Shell 没有提供字符或者图形界面，所有的数据都是通过串口进行交互的，所以需要准备串口工具；
- 准备2个U盘，一个用于制作 Ubuntu安装盘，我这边使用64GB 的金邦U盘，使用DiskGuinus格式化为 FAT32（注意不要使用 exFat）。将 Ubuntu 解压后全部放入 U盘根目录即可；另外U盘一个用于制作引导脚本。
第一步，生成能够启动的 Latte Panda Mu 的 IFWI。根据【参考1】，配置编译环境，首先确保能够编译通过 QEMU。
a.编译 BIOS 代码：
Python BuildLoader.py build adln
b.生成IFWI，这里没有使用 mFIT 而是直接使用代码替换原代码中的 BIOS Region。
python Platform/AlderlakeBoardPkg/Script/StitchLoader.py -i LattePanda.bin -s Outputs/adln/SlimBootloader.bin -o LattePanda_ifwi.bin -p 0xAA000007
上述的命令中，LattePanda.bin 是DFRobot 提供的原始的IFWI，其中的BIOS是AMI CodeBase；SlimBootloader.bin 是前面从 SBL Build出来的BIOS；最后的LattePanda_ifwi.bin就是生成的新的 IFWI。
d.关机状态下，将USB 转串口工具连接到LattePanda Mu 的PCH UART0 上
c.使用 SF100或者其他烧录器将LattePanda_ifwi.bin烧录到 LattePanda Mu上
d.启动LattePanda Mu后，会很快完成启动显示SBL Logo。 这时候 SBL 并不会从屏幕和键盘进行交互，而是通过串口。在另外一台电脑上打开串口工具即可看到一个文本的Shell界面，输入 boot 命令，然后调整从USB 设备启动例如：
至此，Firmware 方面的准备已经完成。
第二步，安装 Ubuntu 以及设定【参考2】。
- 其中需要一些时间，请耐心等待，之后进入下面这个界面。左边是直接在U盘提供的Live Linux 中工作，右边是进行安装，这里需要选择左侧按钮“Try Ubuntu”
从左上角的 Activities 打开一个 Terminal
e.使用 lsblk列出当前的设备，LattePanda Mu 内置了 eMMC，这里是mmcblk0设备
c.使用 sudo disk /dev/mmcblk0擦除硬盘，命令如下：
sudo gdisk /dev/mmcblk0
x
z
y
y
d. 创建GPT分区
sudo gdisk /dev/mmcblk0
o
y
w
y
e.接下来即可进行Ubuntu安装了
f.分区需要特别处理，划分出一个500MB 的FAT32分区用于引导
g.剩余容量减去4GB 左右，设定为 Ext4 分区
h.最后创建一个 4GB 的分区作为 SWAP 分区
i.接下来都选择 Continue
j.安装结束后，选择 Continue Testing
k.接下来使用 lsblk
l.输入如下命令：
Mkdir root
Sudo mount /dev/mmcblk0 root/m.插入另外的U盘其中放入三个脚本以及内容如下的 cmdline.txt
echo "root=/dev/ mmcblk0 ro quiet splash" > cmdline.txtn.运行如下批处理（其中的PEM文件来自编译SBL的代码中 ）。
python3 GenContainer.py create -cl CMDL:cmdline.txt KRNL:./root/boot/vmlinuz-<kernel-version> INRD:./root/boot/initrd.img-<kernel-version> -k ./SblKeys/OS1_TestKey_Priv_RSA3072.pem -a RSA3072_PKCS1_SHA2_384 -t CLASSIC -o sbl_os
sudo cp sbl_os ./root/boot
sudo umount ./root这里提供一个下载方便直接测试：
o.最终，拔掉U盘，即可启动
上述操作的完整视频：
这里只是简单的第一步，自行编译BIOS并且启动了X86的 Ubuntu，很多功能还没有调试，可能在使用中遇到问题（比如， X4 PCIE 支持， Audio 的支持）。如果你对性能和体积有一些要求，或者是对于BIOS定制有一些特别要求，不妨考虑 DFRobot推出的 LattePanda MU，它由一块核心板以及底板构成，厂家提供了电路图以及对应接口，可以很方便的实现定制。
本文提到的代码可以在 https://gitee.com/willok/slimbootloader 下载到，由天杀提供。
参考：
Timed GPIO
Timed GPIO 或者称作 Timed I/O 是基于系统时钟产生或者接收信号的功能。从 EHL/TGL(11代)平台开始，Intel 引入了这个功能。
这个功能的背景是：一些时候我们需要产生精确的 GPIO 时序，但是因为系统CPU分配的原因，这一点难以实现。比如，我们在代码中每隔0.001s需要反转一次GPIO，如果使用代码来驱动的话，无法保证CPU每隔0.001s执行一次，这样会导致实际生成的信号会有“抖动”（Jitter）。因此，引入了 Time-Aware GPIO（TGPIO）。直接从硬件上保证能够在指定的时间产生信号。除了能够输出信号（GPO），还能够作为 GPI，这样可以精确的测量两个信号的间隔。
有兴趣的朋友可以更深入的进行研究。
参考：
1.https://edc.intel.com/content/www/us/en/design/ipla/software-development-platforms/servers/platforms/intel-pentium-silver-and-intel-celeron-processors-datasheet-volume-1-of-2/005/timed-gpio-time-sync/
2.https://edc.intel.com/content/www/us/en/design/products/platforms/processor-and-core-i3-n-series-datasheet-volume-1-of-2/001/timed-gpio/
3.https://edc.intel.com/content/www/us/en/design/ipla/software-development-platforms/servers/platforms/intel-pentium-silver-and-intel-celeron-processors-datasheet-volume-1-of-2/005/timed-gpio-time-sync/
WIM安装解决方案
很多年前，Ghost 是通用的安装方案，但是随着时代的进步，Ghost 方案逐渐被淘汰。取而代之的是WIM 的方案，最新的 OS 和 Driver 都使用 WIM 的方式进行分发。需要注意的是：市面上很多能够实现 WIM 安装的 Windows PE 盘会在安装过程中对安装后的Windows 插入应用程序或者驱动程序。这样的结果可能导致影响你的测试结果。因此，这次制作了Windows PE 盘以及一个WIM 安装工具。这一套具有如下优点：
- 安装过程中不会添加任何额外软件；
- 方便使用，启动WindowPE 之后只需要键盘即可选择 WIM 文件进行安装；
- 体积较小，包括 WindowsPE 镜像，整体不超过350MB。
接下来介绍如何部署和使用这一套软件。
首先，使用 Ventoy 制作一个 USB 启动盘。需要注意的是：这个U盘上的内容会被完全清除掉。
安装完成 Ventoy 之后，需要手工将Winpe062907.iso和AutoWim目录拷贝到U盘Ventoy 的 exFAT分区上。同时，将需要安装的 WIM 同样放置于根目录下。
之后，使用这个U盘进行启动。
启动Ventoy后从菜单上选择从 Winpe062907.iso 启动。
启动之后，这个 WinPE 会自动执行 AutoWim 目录中的InWim.bat批处理。自动列出U盘根目录下的所有 WIM 请用户选择，选择之后会对硬盘进行自动分区，然后部署 WIM 内容。最后会执行 bcdboot 修复ESP 分区。
相信这个工具会成为你测试的得力助手，有兴趣的朋友不妨试试看。
ISO 镜像下载
AutoWim 目录下载
工作的视频可以在下面看到：
Intel Microcode PDB 格式转INC工具
Arduino 开发的 CH32V307 IIS 音频输出测试
这次介绍的是如何在 CH32V307上通过 Arduino 编程，从 IIS 接口输出一个正弦波然后通过 NS4168 播放出来。关于 NS4168的介绍，可以在【参考1】看到。
线路方面：
B12（I2S2_WS）连接到 LRCLK
B13（I2S2_CK） 连接到 BCKL
B15（I2S2_SD）连接到 SDAT
同时特别提醒 NS4168 的CTRL 需要连接 3.3V
之后，给 Ch32v307烧录如下代码：
//#include "ch32v30x_spi.h"
/* Global Variable */
#define Len 48*16*2
u16 I2S2_Tx[Len] = {
16383,16383,20660,20660,24864,24864,28922,28922,32767,32767,-29206,-29206,-25983,-25983,-23157,-23157,-20776,-20776,-18880,-18880,-17502,-17502,-16666,-16666,-16385,-16385,-16665,-16665,-17501,-17501,-18879,-18879,-20774,-20774,-23155,-23155,-25981,-25981,-29203,-29203,-32767,-32767,28925,28925,24867,24867,20663,20663,16386,16386,12109,12109,7906,7906,3847,3847,3,3,-3560,-3560,-6783,-6783,-9610,-9610,-11991,-11991,
-13887,-13887,-15266,-15266,-16102,-16102,-16383,-16383,-16104,-16104,-15268,-15268,-13891,-13891,-11996,-11996,-9615,-9615,-6790,-6790,-3568,-3568,-4,-4,3838,3838,7897,7897,12100,12100,16377,16377,20654,20654,24858,24858,28917,28917,32761,32761,-29210,-29210,-25987,-25987,-23161,-23161,-20779,-20779,-18882,-18882,-17504,-17504,-16667,-16667,-16385,-16385,-16665,-16665,-17500,-17500,-18876,-18876,-20771,-20771,
-23152,-23152,-25977,-25977,-29198,-29198,-32762,-32762,28931,28931,24873,24873,20669,20669,16392,16392,12115,12115,7911,7911,3852,3852,8,8,-3556,-3556,-6779,-6779,-9606,-9606,-11988,-11988,-13885,-13885,-15264,-15264,-16102,-16102,-16383,-16383,-16104,-16104,-15270,-15270,-13893,-13893,-11999,-11999,-9619,-9619,-6794,-6794,-3572,-3572,-10,-10,3833,3833,7891,7891,12094,12094,16371,16371,
20648,20648,24852,24852,28911,28911,32756,32756,-29215,-29215,-25992,-25992,-23164,-23164,-20782,-20782,-18885,-18885,-17505,-17505,-16667,-16667,-16385,-16385,-16664,-16664,-17498,-17498,-18874,-18874,-20768,-20768,-23148,-23148,-25972,-25972,-29194,-29194,-32756,-32756,28937,28937,24879,24879,20675,20675,16398,16398,12121,12121,7917,7917,3858,3858,13,13,-3551,-3551,-6775,-6775,-9602,-9602,-11985,-11985,
-13883,-13883,-15262,-15262,-16101,-16101,-16383,-16383,-16105,-16105,-15271,-15271,-13896,-13896,-12002,-12002,-9623,-9623,-6798,-6798,-3577,-3577,-15,-15,3827,3827,7885,7885,12088,12088,16365,16365,20642,20642,24846,24846,28906,28906,32751,32751,-29220,-29220,-25996,-25996,-23168,-23168,-20785,-20785,-18887,-18887,-17507,-17507,-16668,-16668,-16385,-16385,-16663,-16663,-17497,-17497,-18872,-18872,-20765,-20765,
-23144,-23144,-25968,-25968,-29189,-29189,-32751,-32751,28942,28942,24884,24884,20681,20681,16405,16405,12127,12127,7923,7923,3864,3864,18,18,-3546,-3546,-6770,-6770,-9598,-9598,-11982,-11982,-13880,-13880,-15261,-15261,-16100,-16100,-16383,-16383,-16106,-16106,-15273,-15273,-13898,-13898,-12005,-12005,-9626,-9626,-6803,-6803,-3582,-3582,-20,-20,3822,3822,7879,7879,12082,12082,16359,16359,
20636,20636,24840,24840,28900,28900,32746,32746,-29225,-29225,-26000,-26000,-23172,-23172,-20788,-20788,-18889,-18889,-17508,-17508,-16669,-16669,-16385,-16385,-16662,-16662,-17495,-17495,-18870,-18870,-20762,-20762,-23140,-23140,-25964,-25964,-29184,-29184,-32746,-32746,28948,28948,24890,24890,20687,20687,16411,16411,12133,12133,7929,7929,3869,3869,24,24,-3541,-3541,-6766,-6766,-9595,-9595,-11979,-11979,
-13878,-13878,-15259,-15259,-16099,-16099,-16383,-16383,-16107,-16107,-15274,-15274,-13900,-13900,-12008,-12008,-9630,-9630,-6807,-6807,-3587,-3587,-25,-25,3816,3816,7873,7873,12076,12076,16353,16353,20630,20630,24835,24835,28894,28894,32740,32740,-29230,-29230,-26005,-26005,-23176,-23176,-20791,-20791,-18892,-18892,-17510,-17510,-16670,-16670,-16385,-16385,-16661,-16661,-17493,-17493,-18867,-18867,-20759,-20759,
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};
//#define Len 10
//u16 I2S2_Tx[Len] = { 0x1111, 0x2222, 0x3333, 0x4444, 0x5555, 0x6666, 0x7777, 0x8888, 0x9999, 0xAAAA };
/*********************************************************************
* @fn I2S2_Init
*
* @brief Init I2S2
*
* @return none
*/
void I2S2_Init(void)
{
GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStructure={0};
I2S_InitTypeDef I2S_InitStructure={0};
RCC_APB1PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB1Periph_SPI2, ENABLE);
RCC_APB2PeriphClockCmd(RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOB | RCC_APB2Periph_GPIOC, ENABLE);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_12 | GPIO_Pin_13 | GPIO_Pin_15;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOB, &GPIO_InitStructure);
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Pin = GPIO_Pin_6;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Mode = GPIO_Mode_AF_PP;
GPIO_InitStructure.GPIO_Speed = GPIO_Speed_50MHz;
GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStructure);
I2S_InitStructure.I2S_Mode = I2S_Mode_MasterTx;
I2S_InitStructure.I2S_Standard = I2S_Standard_Phillips;
I2S_InitStructure.I2S_DataFormat = I2S_DataFormat_16b;
I2S_InitStructure.I2S_MCLKOutput = I2S_MCLKOutput_Enable;//I2S_MCLKOutput_Disable;
I2S_InitStructure.I2S_AudioFreq = I2S_AudioFreq_48k;
I2S_InitStructure.I2S_CPOL = I2S_CPOL_High;
I2S_Init(SPI2, &I2S_InitStructure);
SPI_I2S_DMACmd( SPI2, SPI_I2S_DMAReq_Tx, ENABLE );
I2S_Cmd(SPI2, ENABLE);
}
/*********************************************************************
* @fn DMA_Tx_Init
*
* @brief Initializes the DMAy Channelx configuration.
*
* @param DMA_CHx - x can be 1 to 7.
* ppadr - Peripheral base address.
* memadr - Memory base address.
* bufsize - DMA channel buffer size.
*
* @return none
*/
void DMA_Tx_Init( DMA_Channel_TypeDef* DMA_CHx, u32 ppadr, u32 memadr, u16 bufsize)
{
DMA_InitTypeDef DMA_InitStructure={0};
RCC_AHBPeriphClockCmd( RCC_AHBPeriph_DMA1, ENABLE );
DMA_DeInit(DMA_CHx);
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralBaseAddr = ppadr;
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryBaseAddr = memadr;
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_DIR = DMA_DIR_PeripheralDST;
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_BufferSize = bufsize;
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralInc = DMA_PeripheralInc_Disable;
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryInc = DMA_MemoryInc_Enable;
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_PeripheralDataSize = DMA_PeripheralDataSize_HalfWord;
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_MemoryDataSize = DMA_MemoryDataSize_HalfWord;
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Mode = DMA_Mode_Normal;
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_Priority = DMA_Priority_High;
DMA_InitStructure.DMA_M2M = DMA_M2M_Disable;
DMA_Init( DMA_CHx, &DMA_InitStructure );
}
void setup() {
SPI_I2S_DeInit(SPI2);
I2S2_Init();
}
void loop() {
DMA_Tx_Init( DMA1_Channel5, (u32)&SPI2->DATAR, (u32)I2S2_Tx, Len);
DMA_Cmd( DMA1_Channel5, ENABLE );
while( (!DMA_GetFlagStatus(DMA1_FLAG_TC5))){};
DMA_Cmd( DMA2_Channel1, DISABLE );
}
即可工作。
I2S2_Tx 里面定义的是一个正弦波数据，通过如下C# 代码生成：
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace SinAudio
{
class Program
{
public const int LOOPS = 16;
static void Main(string[] args)
{
double sin,cos;
for (int i = 0; i < LOOPS * 48; i++) {
sin = (0.5 + Math.Sin(i * 2 * 3.1415 / 48))* 65535/2;
//cos = (0.5 + Math.Cos(i * 2 * 3.1415 / 48)) * 65535 / 2;
Console.Write("{0},{1},", (Int16)sin, (Int16)sin);// (Int16)() * );
if (i % 32 == 0) {
Console.WriteLine("");
}
}
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}
数据可以看成是 48K 16Bits 采样结果，数据是int16 (负数使用补码形式表示)
工作的测试视频如下：
WordPress 标题中文检测工具
因为设置上的原因，Wordpress 最好不要使用中文作为标题。我的网站设置上支持中文标题，但是因为更换服务器的缘故，中文标题的文章又出现了无法访问的问题。于是，编写一个工具扫描网站上的所有文章，通过检查标题的 url 是否带有“%”来判断是否有中文。
扫描全部页面的方式是通过扫描全部日期归档链接实现的，类似"https://www.lab-z.com/2022/03/",发送 http 请求之后会对返回的结果进行分析，取出其中的 http://www.lab-z.com/ 为开头的 URL，然后进行检测，如果其中带有 “%”，那么就是带有汉字了。然后就可以根据指示在 WordPress 中手工进行修改。
代码比较简单，有兴趣的可以试试。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Net.Http;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
namespace WordPressUrlChecker
{
class Program
{
private static readonly HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
// 定义并初始化一个字符串列表
private static List<string> UrlToCheck = new List<string> {
"https://www.lab-z.com/2024/04/",
// 全部日期
"https://www.lab-z.com/2005/10/"
};
static async Task Main(string[] args)
{
string url = "https://www.lab-z.com/";
//Console.WriteLine(responseBody);
//string pattern = @"(http|https)://([\w-]+\.)+[\w-]+(/[\w- ./?%&=]*)?";
//https://www.lab-z.com/2006/05/
string pattern = @"https://www\.lab-z\.com/[^\s]*";
foreach (string uString in UrlToCheck) {
Console.WriteLine("Checking in "+uString.ToString());
string responseBody = await GetRequest(uString);
MatchCollection matches = Regex.Matches(responseBody, pattern);
foreach (Match match in matches)
{
string getUrl = match.Value;
// 如果字符串中带有 " 那么就截取它之前的所有字符串
if (getUrl.IndexOf('\"')!=-1) {
getUrl= getUrl.Substring(0, getUrl.IndexOf('\"'));
//Console.WriteLine(getUrl);
}
if (ContainsChinese(getUrl))
{
Console.WriteLine(getUrl);
}
}
}
/*
*/
Console.ReadLine();
}
// 发送 HTTP 请求并且得到服务器返回
static async Task<string> GetRequest(string url)
{
HttpResponseMessage response = await client.GetAsync(url);
response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
string responseBody = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
return responseBody;
}
// 检查字符串是否含有汉字
static bool ContainsChinese(string input)
{
for (int i = 0; i < input.Length; i++)
{
if (input[i] == '%')
return true;
}
return false;
}
}
}